דער 1

'the' (definite article; demonstrative pronoun; usually nominative masculine and dative feminine singular)

ETYMOLOGY

I. Proto-Yiddish ✱dɛːr; Proto-EY ✱dɛːr; from MHG der.
Protovowel E5.
II. MHG der; from OHG der. In OHG, the initial d- form replaced an earlier form with initial s-; cf. Gothic sa; ON sá OE sē̌; OS sē; from PGmc ✱sa; from PIE ✱so; cf. Greek ὁ; Sanskrit sá.
III. In West Germanic languages, the old demonstrative pronoun is also used as the definite article and, partly, as a relative pronoun.
Dutch de; English the;
PIE ✱to-; cf. Greek τό; Sanskrit tát; Lithuanian tàs; Old Church Slavonic tъ; Polish to (see [[טאָ]]).

{DW² 6:692. Pfeiffer EWD "der / die / das".}

WESTERN

Alsace (France)

TABLES [ALSACE]

Oyberland (West Transcarpathian)

dēn (masculine definite article in syncretized oblique case) {WTCP, U. Weinreich 1964: 254}

CENTRAL

də jid mitn vãː דער ייִד מיטן ווײַן {POLAND, Wolbrom, 50196}

dᵻs kint {Warsaw, Geller 2001: 193}
-  azɔj ᵻz giɛgaɲg'iɛn dᵻs lɛjbm אַזוי איז געגאַנגען דאָס לעבן {p. 209}

HASIDIC

AMERICA

de/di {devoid of gender and case distinctions} {Assouline 2018b, 477}
də but only rarely actually spelled דע

{Hasidic2 on Twitter, 4 June 2020; comment indicates that this is the Nikolsburger Rebbe's car}
de

NORTHEASTERN

TABLE [NORTHEASTERN]